![]() ![]() Starting in 2015, Chris attended the Computer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas for five years running. His work has even appeared on the front page of Reddit.Īrticles he's written have been used as a source for everything from books like Team Human by Douglas Rushkoff, media theory professor at the City University of New York's Queens College and CNN contributor, to university textbooks and even late-night TV shows like Comedy Central's with Chris Hardwick. His roundups of new features in Windows 10 updates have been called "the most detailed, useful Windows version previews of anyone on the web" and covered by prominent Windows journalists like Paul Thurrott and Mary Jo Foley on TWiT's Windows Weekly. Instructional tutorials he's written have been linked to by organizations like The New York Times, Wirecutter, Lifehacker, the BBC, CNET, Ars Technica, and John Gruber's Daring Fireball. The news he's broken has been covered by outlets like the BBC, The Verge, Slate, Gizmodo, Engadget, TechCrunch, Digital Trends, ZDNet, The Next Web, and Techmeme. Beyond the column, he wrote about everything from Windows to tech travel tips. He founded PCWorld's "World Beyond Windows" column, which covered the latest developments in open-source operating systems like Linux and Chrome OS. He also wrote the USA's most-saved article of 2021, according to Pocket.Ĭhris was a PCWorld columnist for two years. Beyond the web, his work has appeared in the print edition of The New York Times (September 9, 2019) and in PCWorld's print magazines, specifically in the August 2013 and July 2013 editions, where his story was on the cover. With over a decade of writing experience in the field of technology, Chris has written for a variety of publications including The New York Times, Reader's Digest, IDG's PCWorld, Digital Trends, and MakeUseOf. Chris has personally written over 2,000 articles that have been read more than one billion times-and that's just here at How-To Geek. Rather, it will invoke the reboot(2) system call (used for reboot, poweroff & halt) to power off the computer instantly.Chris Hoffman is the former Editor-in-Chief of How-To Geek. Now what if you want to shut down forcefully, i.e., you don't want to wait for processes to close normally? In that case you can use: sudo poweroff -f The command sudo init 0 will take you to the runlevel 0 ( shutdown). sudo poweroff and sudo halt -p are exactly like sudo shutdown -P now. ![]() The poweroff and halt commands basically invoke shutdown (except for the poweroff -f). To summarize, here are the commands available to poweroff ( not halt) a computer: sudo shutdown -h now To be sure of that, you can use the -P switch with shutdown to poweroff the computer. The -h switch of shutdown will either halt or poweroff the computer, the decision will be taken by the system although in Ubuntu I have seen that it would normally poweroff the machine. One thing to note here is that halt will close all the processes, turn off the CPUs and return the control to a ROM monitor of the mainboard needing the user to press the power button to get the power supply turned off, whereas poweroff after turning off the CPUs will simply turn off the power supply resulting in a proper shutdown. To get what you want, i.e., to shut down the computer properly, you need to give the -h switch to shutdown. Traditionally, the command sudo shutdown now will take you to the runlevel 1 (recovery mode) this will happen for both Upstart and SysV init.
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